Health care and health status of 0 – 6 years old children in Karamay, Xinjiang, 2013 – 2022

Objective To analyze health care and health status of children 0 – 6 years old in Karamay from 2013 to 2022, so as to provide evidence for promoting the management of children’s health care in Karamay.

Methods Annual report data of health care and health status of 0 – 6 years old children in Karamay, Xinjiang from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed. Chi-square test was used to analyze under 5 mortality, infant mortality, neonatal mortality, breast-feeding rate of infants under 6 months old, exclusive breast-feeding rate, health management rate of children aged 0 – 6 years old, systematic management rate of children under 3 years old, neonatal visiting rate, and nutritional indicators of children under 5 years old.

Results Under 5 mortality, infant mortality and neonatal mortality showed a downward trend from 2013 to 2022 in Karamay, Xinjiang (\chi _\texttrend^2 = 36.656, \chi _\texttrend^2 = 32.463, \chi _\texttrend^2 = 38.033, respectively, allP < 0.001). The health management rate of children aged 0 – 6 fluctuated from time to time with the lowest in 2020 (95.41%). The systematic management rate of children under 3 years old, neonatal visiting rate, breast feeding rate of infants under 6 months old and exclusive breast feeding rate all increased year by year (\chi _\texttrend^2 = 1 179.752,\chi _\texttrend^2 = 172.109, \chi _\texttrend^2 = 709.559, \chi _\texttrend^2 = 1 731.738, respectively, all P < 0.001). The incidences of overweight and obesity among children under 5 were increasing year after year, with the highest rate of overweight (20.86%) and obesity (7.74%) in 2022 and 2021. The prevalence of anaemia among children under 5 had been decreasing since 2019, but it was still high in Baijiantan District and Wuerhe District, reaching 17.70% and 15.64%, respectively.

Conclusion Health care and health status of children aged 0 – 6 years in Karamay, Xinjiang from 2013 to 2022 are in good condition, but the incidences of overweight and obesity are high. The cooperation of government, families, medical facilities, schools and society is needed to effectively prevent and reduce the incidences of childhood overweight and obesity. The risk factors of anemia in some areas of Karamay should be further analyzed, and targeted prevention and treatment should be carried out accordingly.