Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of individualized remote nutrition and health management model on overweight/obese women in early pregnancy.
Methods A total of 200 women with single early pregnancy, who were diagnosed as pre-pregnancy overweight or obese in the obstetrics department of Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2019 to September 2020, were recruited as study subjects. They were randomly assigned to control group (100 cases) and intervention group (100 cases). The control group received routine nutrition and health guidance. The intervention group received individualized remote nutrition and health guidance through‘We Doctor’platform plus routine care for the whole process of pregnancy and delivery. Weight gain during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome were compared between two groups.
Results The reasonable incidence of pregnancy weight gain in the intervention group (77.89%) was higher than that in the control group (60.42%), while the incidence of excessive weight gain(13.68%) was lower than that in the control group (28.13%). Weight before delivery (76.96 ± 5.34 kg) and weight gain during pregnancy (9.90 ± 2.32 kg) of pre-pregnancy overweight pregnant women in the intervention group were lower than those (79.03 ± 5.97 kg and 11.73 ± 4.03 kg, respectively) in the control group. Weight gain during pregnancy of pre-pregnancy obese pregnant women in the intervention group (8.09 ± 2.31 kg) was lower than that in the control group (10.74 ± 3.70 kg), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The rate of cesarean section (43.16%), the incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus (9.47%), preeclampsia (2.11%), polyhydramnios (3.16%) and preterm delivery (2.11%) in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group (9.38%) (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidences of underweight gain, hypertension, premature rupture of membranes and postpartum hemorrhage during pregnancy between 2 groups (all P > 0.05). The incidence of low birth weight of perinatal infant (2.11%) was lower in the intervention group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidences of fetal distress, fetal intrauterine growth restriction, macrosomia and neonatal asphyxia between 2 groups (all P > 0.05).
Conclusion The individualized remote nutrition and health management model is effective in controlling weight gain during pregnancy, and it also helps to improve adverse pregnancy outcomes of overweight and obese pre-pregnant women.
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