Abstract: Objective To analysis the mortality rate,the causes of death and the changing trend under 5 years old children in Jinjiang district of Chengdu,from 2008 to 2017.Methods The surveillance data on deaths of children under 5 years old from 2008 to 2017 were collected based on the Death Monitoring Network among children under five. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were used to analysis the data.Results The under five and neonatal mortality rate declined significantly from 2008-2017,there were no difference between different gender(P>0.05). The top five causes of children death were: premature or low birth weight,pneumonia,other congenital anomaly,congenital heart disease and other neonatal disease. Provincial(municipal) level health care institutions are the most important institutions for the diagnosis and treatment of children death.Conclusion The under five mortality rate in Jinjiang declined significantly from 2008-2017 Reducing neonatal and infant mortality is a key link in reducing the death of children under 5 years of age. Reducing neonatal and infant mortality rate remains a challenge. Premature or low birth weight,pneumonia and congenital heart disease are main death causes.