Abstract: Objective To understand the high risk factors of free pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination population in Jinyun County,and to explore the risk interventions measures and the application value of Rh blood group,renal function(creatinine) and thyroid function(TSH) in pre-pregnancy eugenics examination in order to reduce birth defects. Method A descriptive analysis was used to analyze the test results and the high risk factors of 7792 planned pregnant couples who volunteered to participate in the free prepregnancy eugenics examination between January 2017 and December 2018.Result 7792 planned pregnant couples were examined,including 3788 males(48.61%) and 4004 females(51.39%); Top four high risk factors were: TORCH infection,gynecological diseases,abnormal detection of five items of hepatitis B,and abnormal thyroid function. There were 321 cases of abnormal TSH(8.02%),19 cases of Rh type negative(0.25%),and 11 cases of creatinine abnormality(0.14%).Conclusion Pre-pregnancy eugenics examination has an important role in preventing birth defects. Strengthening free pre-pregnancy eugenics health check and risk intervention,and promoting the examination of Rh blood group,creatinine and TSH can effectively reduce birth defects.