Abstract: Objective To investigate the difference of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer patients and its clinical significance.Methods 48 patients with CIN and 54 patients with cervical cancer were selected as the study subjects. The healthy people in the same period were taken as the control group. The serum IL-10 levels of the three groups were detected and compared, and the relationship between IL-10 and CIN grades and clinicopathological features of cervical cancer patients were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of IL-10 for CIN and cervical cancer.Results Serum IL-10 levels were significantly higher in the CIN group and the cervical cancer group than in the control group (t=3.015, P=0.003; t=5.757, P=0.000), and the IL-10 level in the cervical cancer group was significantly higher than that in the CIN group. (t=3.010, P=0.003). There were significant differences in serum IL-10 levels between different subgroups of CIN group (F= 65.264, P=0.000). Serum IL-10 levels were associated with tumor size, differentiation, FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer (P<0.05). ROC analysis showed that with the control group as a reference, the area under the curve of IL-10 diagnostic CIN was 0.666, the sensitivity was 43.75%, and the specificity was 90.00%, while the AUC for diagnosing cervical cancer was 0.812, the sensitivity was 79.63%, and the specificity was 82.00%. The AUC for the diagnosis of cervical cancer with serum IL-10 as a reference for CIN patients was 0.655, with a sensitivity of 77.78% and a specificity of 54. 17%.Conclusion Serum IL-10 levels in patients with CIN and cervical cancer are significantly increased, which are related to the CIN classification, as well as the clinicopathological features such as tumor size, clinical stage, FIGO stage, and lymph node metastasis, and has a certain diagnostic value for CIN and cervical cancer.