Abstract: Objective To investigate the development of the refractive and vision in 6-24 month old children, andexploreitscorrelatedfactors.Methods 164 children (6 month old) are recruited from 9 clinics of community health service centers of Beijing Xicheng District. The refractive and vision were examined through Suresight hand-hold refractomter and TAC Vision test card in 5 stages of age (6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months).Results ①Significant differenceswereexistin vision in 5 stages (P<0.01), and the vision improved steadily from 6 to 12 month, while increased rapidly after 12 month. ②There was significant difference in the incidence of refractive error in 5 stages (P<0.01), and the incidence rate decreased significantly after 18 month.Conclusion With the increased of the age, the vision of infants improved, and speed upsignificantly after 12 month; after 18 month old, diopter tended to be stable; the besttimeto discoveryofamblyopia is 2 years old.