Abstract: Objective To identify the status of serum vitamin A, D levels of preschoolers and its influential factors, in order to provide practical basis for the health care of preschool children. Method 108 children between 2 to 6 years old were randomly sampled from two ordinary kindergarten and two economically centered communities. The levels of Vit A was determined by highperformance liquid chromatography, and the level of 25 (OH) D was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, the survey was carried with the self-designed questionnaire.Results The average level of Vit D was (23.33 ±6. 43) ng/ml. 74 cases were normal (68.5%), 7 cases were deficient (6.5%) and less than 27 cases (25.0%). The level of was (0.35 ±0.07) mg/L, 89 cases were normal (82.4%), 2 cases were deficient (1.9%), and 17 cases were suspected deficiency (15.7%). There wasn't statistical difference between boys and girls. Inadequate nutrient intake caused by partial diet, inadequate vitamin A and D supplementation within 2 years of age and lack of outdoor activities were the main influencing factors.Conclusions It is common for the preschool children in Lianyungang city to have varying degrees of deficiency and deficiency in vitamin D and vitamin A, It is still necessary to pay more attention to strengthening the intake and supplement of vitamin D and A in infants and young children within 2 years old, and the nutrition management of preschool children, more attention should be paid to increasing outdoor sports in children's health care.