Abstract: Objective To understand the situation of township health centers in Yunnan Province, which carry out free premarital medical examination service, in terms of professional qualifications, personnel, housing, environment, equipment, and so on. To provide a basis for the higher health administrative departments to formulate relevant policies for the reform and development of township health centers to carry out free premarital check-up service.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on all the premier medical institutions in Yunnan Province, which carried out free prenuptial medical examination, and recorded with Excel. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 297 township hospitals which carry out free premarital medical examination service in Yunnan Province were investigated. Among them, 43 institutions approved by the city level for free marriage inspection, 234 approved by the county level, and 19 without any approval procedures. The hospitals without obtain medical license and maternal and child health service license accounted for 0.3% and 11.1%, respectively. The hospitals without separate check-up rooms, health education room, consulting room, and laboratory for men and women accounted for 38.7%, 53.9%, 36. 0%, 7.7%, respectively. The items of medical history inquiry Less than 24, items of physical examination less than 23 of male and female accounted for 20.2%, 34.7%, 20.9% and 31.0%, respectively.Conclusion Due to provincial policies, 297 township hospitals in Yunnan Province have carried out free marriage inspections in the past 18 years. However, there are varying degrees of problems in the allocation of resources and the acquisition of qualifications, and some organizations are "sick" in operation.