Abstract: Objective To the historical data of investment of child health service personnel, services and outpatient setting in MCH institutions at county and district level in China, in order to provide basic data for comparing their developments and changes.Methods The historical survey data from May to October 2013 were collected and analyzed. The multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to investigate the situation of children health service capabilities in county-level MCH institutions in 2012.Results Each county-level MCH institution had 2 children health clinics and carried out 8 children health service items averagely. The setting rate of children health clinics was low.. There were 1.7 staff members in MCH institutions providing children healthservices for every ten thousand children. In 28.8% institutions, children health care staff members had participated in professional training lasting more than 3 months. The proportion of faculty who attending children health care training courses was 66.67%. Most of them had college degrees or above and were physicians. Three times training sessions were organized for subordinate health care institutions, and once for childcare institutions. 81.3% of the institutions provided on-site professional guidance to subordinate health institutions more than twice per quarter, and 70.7% of the institutions provided on-site professional guidance to childcare institutions at least once every six months.Conclusions The situation of children health service capabilities provided by county-level MCH institutions in China is not optimistic, and it should be strengthened.