Abstract: Objective To analyze the risk factors of incision infection after cesarean section in elderly women, so as to provide scientific guidance for preventing infection.Methods A total of 237 cases of elderly pregnant women with cesarean section were selected in our hospital from January to October in 2018 as the research objects. Retrospective analysis was used. According to the occurrence of incision infection after operation, the patients were divided into infection group (28 cases) and non-infection group (209 cases). The general information of parturients and the related situation of cesarean section were compared between the two groups.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of incision infection after operation.Results Thirty-one strains were isolated from 28 parturients with incision infection, of which 77.42% (24/31) were Gram-negative bacteria and 22.58% (7/31) were Gram-positive bacteria. The percentages of maternal hypertension, diabetes mellitus, operation in summer and premature rupture of membranes in the infected group were significantly higher than those in the non-infected group. BMI, skin preparation to operation time, number of vaginal examinations, intraoperative bleeding volume and operation time in the infected group were higher than those in the non-infected group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). It is suggested that the above factors were the single risk factors for postoperative incision infection. The logistic regression equation was established with the postoperative incision infection as dependent variable and the indicators with statistical significance between groups as independent variable. Multivariate regression analysis confirmed that the above indicators were independent risk factors for the incision infection of elderly parturients after cesarean section (P<0.05).Conclusion There are many risk factors for incision infection after cesarean section for elderly parturients. We should pay special attention to those parturients with hypertension and diabetes, cesarean section in summer, premature rupture of membranes, high BMI, long time from skin preparation to operation, more times of vaginal examination, more bleeding during operation and long operation time. We should take preventive measures actively to prevent the occurrence of postoperative incision infection.