Abstract: Objective To investigate human resource on child health care services of primary medical institutions in Baiyun district.Methods The general situation of institutions and child care doctors were investigated in the primary medical institutions in Baiyun district. Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient were used to evaluate the fairness in human resource allocation.Results According to the service population, a primary medical institution was set for every 110 000 permanent residents, and only 0.26 child health care doctor serviced for every 10 000 permanent residents in Baiyun district. Estimated by the permanent residents, the Gini Coefficient of agencies and the human resources of child health care doctors were 0.1603, 0.1598, Calculated by the service area, they were 0.6034 and 0.6567 respectively. The results indicated that the fairness of allocation on the primary medical institutions and the human resources of child health care doctors were on the critical line.Conclusions The overall layout of primary medical institutions in Baiyun district is unreasonable. The total amount of human resources of child health care doctors in primary medical institutions is seriously insufficient, and the quantity and fairness need to be improved urgently.