Abstract: Objective To investigate the influencing factors of maternal health care of mother whose children with congenital syphilis infected by mother-to-child transmission from 2011 to 2018,and to explore the difficulties and key issues in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis so as to further enhance the intervention effect of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Guizhou province. Method Through the investigation of the relevant information of children infected with congenital syphilis through mother-to-child transmission and their mothers in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2018,a retrospective quantitative analysis was made on the influencing factors of antenatal health care of pregnant women infected with syphilis. Result The serological test of non-Treponema pallidum antigen was positive in 73 children with congenital syphilis at birth. The titer was greater than 4 times that of their mothers before delivery. The percentage of positive results of serological tests for Treponema pallidum antigen was 63. 01%. 21. 92% of the mothers of 73 children with congenital syphilis did not undergo prenatal examination. Only 31. 51% of mothers who have been examined for more than 5 times. Only 17. 81% of mothers received prenatal examination in the first trimester (< 14 weeks). The proportion of mothers with congenital syphilis children did not receive treatment was 17. 81%. Only 4. 11% of mothers started treatment in the first trimester. The rate of treatment during delivery and postpartum accounted for 42. 47%. 57. 53%of the mothers were not followed up after treatment. Premature birth (pregnancy week < 37 weeks) of congenital syphilis children accounted for 32. 88%.Conclusion In order to further improve the effect of intervention in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Guizhou province,it is necessary to explore the difficulties and key issues such as the use of antisyphilis drugs,treatment and follow-up,and effect observation through in-depth investigation and study on the influencing factors of maternal health care of mothers with children infected with congenital syphilis by mother-to-child transmission.