Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of height development of preschool children and analyze the environmental factors affecting height development,so as to provide reference basis for promoting height development of preschool children.Methods All the children in 6 project kindergartens were selected with a cluster random sampling. The relevant data were obtained through physical measurements and questionnaires. The height and its influencing factors were analyzed. Result A total of 1647 children(818 boys and 829 girls) were investigated. The detection rate of stunting was 0.49%. 74.38% of children's height reached the 50 percentile and above and 49.48% of the children's height development level is less than the genetic target height level.There were statistical differencesin birth length,full-term birth status,taking milk and food every day and exercise time after going home between different height groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The height of preschool children in Xicheng District is at a high level. However,the potential height of children has not been well developed. We should pay more attention to height management of preschool children and take full consideration on children's genetic characteristic with comprehensive evaluation,take intervention measures in time to promote children's height development.