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安顺市2016-2019年8所幼儿园儿童单纯性肥胖情况分析

Analysis of simple obesity among children in eight kindergartens in Anshun from 2016 to 2019

    摘要
  • 摘要: 目的 了解安顺市妇幼保健院2016-2019年辖区直管8所幼儿园儿童单纯性肥胖的现状,分析肥胖发生的影响因素,探讨单纯性肥胖的预防和健康教育,以利于为儿童创造良好的营养环境,培养健康的饮食和运动习惯,为临床诊治和预防提供理论依据。方法 对贵州省安顺市妇幼保健院安顺市儿童医院辖区直管8所幼儿园在园儿童进行体格测量和营养评估,同时对肥胖儿童家长进行相关知识问卷调查,回顾性分析2016-2019年单纯性肥胖的检出情况,对数据进行统计学分析。结果 2016-2019年辖区直管8所幼儿园单纯性肥胖检出率为2.48%、2.69%、2.90%、3.29%,肥胖检出率有逐年增高的趋势;男童各年肥胖检出率为62.82%、63.22%、63.33%、64.58%、女童各年肥胖检出率为37.18%、36.78%、36.67%、35.42%,男童肥胖检出率高于女童;各年轻度肥胖检出率为93.59%、91.95%、90.00%、90.63%,中度肥胖检出率为6.41%、6.90%、7.78%、6.25%、重度肥胖检出率为0.00%、1.15%、2.22%、3.12%,肥胖程度以轻度为主;家长对儿童肥胖原因及危害的相关知识普遍缺乏,知识来源狭窄专业性差,干预措施单一且不系统。结论 儿童单纯性肥胖与遗传因素、饮食行为、饮食习惯、家庭营养模式、体力活动、健康信念、家长认知水平等多因素相关。应加强儿童饮食行为和生活习惯的干预,加强对家长的健康宣教,加强膳食营养结构的管理与指导,针对可能发生肥胖的高危儿童尽早干预,避免肥胖对儿童造成危害,保障儿童的身体健康。

     

    Abstract: Objective To understand the current status of simple obesity among children in8 kindergartens directly administered by Anshun from 2016 to 2019,analyze the influencing factors of obesity,and explore the prevention and health education of simple obesity. In order to create a good nutrition environment for children,cultivate healthy eating and exercise habits,and provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and prevention.Methods Physical measurements and nutritional assessments were performed on children in 8 kindergartens directly managed by our hospital. At the same time,the parents of obese children were investigated by related knowledge,and retrospective analysis was performed on the detection of simple obesity from 2016 to 2019.Results The detection rate of simple obesity from 2016 to 2019 was 2.48%,2.69%,2.90%,3.29%,respectively and the obesity detection rate was increasing year by year. The obesity detection rate of boys in each year was 62.82%,63.22%,63.33%,64.58%,respectively. The annual obesity detection rate of girls was 37.18%,36.78%,36.67%,and 35.42%,respectively. The obesity detection rate of boys was higher than that of girls In 2016-2019,the detection rate of mild obesity was 93.59%,91.95%,90.00%,and 90.63%,respectively. The detection rates of moderate obesity was 6.41%,6.90%,7.78%,and 6.25%,respectively and the detection rates of severe obesity was 0.00%,1.15%,2.22%,and 3.12%,respectively. The degree of obesity is mainly mild. The parents of obese children were generally lack of knowledge about the causes and hazards of childhood obesity,the source of their knowledge was narrow and lack of professional,and the intervention measures are single and unsystematic.Conclusion Children's simple obesity is related to multiple factors such as genetic factors,eating behaviors,eating habits,family nutrition patterns,physical activity,health beliefs,and parents' knowledge level. It is very necessary to strengthen children's eating behavior and living habits,health education for parents,and the management and guidance of dietary nutrition structure. In order to avoid harm to children caused by obesity and protect their health,intervention should be carried out as soon as possible for high-risk children who may be obese.

     

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