摘要:
目的 研究新生儿早期基本保健(EENC)技术对自然分娩足月新生儿近期和远期母乳喂养率的干预效果。方法 采用类实验流行病学研究设计,选取四川省8所妇幼保健院,随机确定4所为干预组,4所为对照组。干预组开展EENC技术,对照组开展常规操作,每组均进行干预前和干预后评估,分别在分娩后及出院前、婴儿满1、3和6月龄时收集母乳喂养数据,共完成1349对产妇和新生儿调查。通过建立倍差法统计模型,计算干预组与对照组的指标变化净效应,评价EENC对母乳喂养的干预效果。结果 干预组母婴分娩后皮肤接触开始时间缩短3.6 min,持续时间增加21.5 min,第一次母乳喂养持续时间增加4.2 min(P<0.05)。干预组出院前纯母乳喂养率由干预前的62.1%提高到干预后的74.5%(P<0.05),对照组由48.5%提高到55.0%(P>0.05)。干预组停止皮肤接触前完成第一次母乳喂养的概率是对照组的5.534倍;干预组3月龄婴儿进行纯母乳喂养的概率是对照组的3.197倍,6月龄婴儿进行纯母乳喂养的概率是对照组的4.913倍。结论 EENC可促进新生儿早开奶,延长第一次母乳喂养持续时间,提高出院前母乳喂养率,但对于远期母乳喂养的影响有待于进一步研究。
Abstract:
Objective To study the effect of Early Essential Newborn Care(EENC) on the short-term and long-term breastfeeding rates of natural delivery full-term neonates.Methods Eight epidemiological health research institutes in Sichuan Province were selected as the research sites. Four institutions were randomly selected as the intervention group and four institutions were the control group. The intervention group underwent EENC technology,and the control group underwent routine operation. Each group was evaluated before and after the intervention. Data on breastfeeding were collected after delivery,before discharge,and at one month,three months and 6 months. The survey on 1349 mothers and newborns was conducted. By establishing a statistical model of the difference method,the net effect of the index changes of the intervention group and the control group was calculated. The intervention effect of EENC on breastfeeding was evaluated.Results Compared with the control group,the start time of the skin contact of the intervention group was shortened by 3.6 minutes,and the duration of the skin contact increased by 21.5 minutes. The duration of the first breastfeeding increased by 4.2 minutes(P<0.05). The exclusive breastfeeding rate before discharge in the intervention group increased from 62.1% before intervention to 74.5% after intervention(P<0.05),and it increased from 48.5% to 55.0% in the control group(P>0.05). The probability of completing the first breastfeeding before stopping skin contact in the intervention group was 5.534 times of the control group. The probability of exclusive breastfeeding for 3-month infants in the intervention group was 3.197 times that of the control group,and the probability of exclusive breastfeeding for the 6-month-old infants was 4.913 times that of the control group.Conclusion EENC for newborns can promote early breastfeeding,prolong the duration of the first breastfeeding,and increase the breastfeeding rate before discharge. However,the impact on long-term breastfeeding needs further research.
百度学术
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