Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of early essential newborn care and related services in medical institutions of Hunan province,so as to provide basis for developing targeted intervention. Method Random sampling method was used. A questionnaire survey was conducted among randomly sampled hospitalized pregnant women in four midwifery health facilities of Changsha and four midwifery health facilities of Zhuzhou from November to December in 2017. The information of newborn health care service at the time of delivery were collected through interview. SPSS 23. 0 was used to conduct all analysis and services measures in different level of facilities were compared. Result Among the 720 participants, 41. 8% indicated that their newborns contacted with maternal skin immediately after birth,but the ratio of skin-to-skin contact more than 90 minutes was only 28. 1%. 42. 3% newborns took a bath within 24 hours after birth. Rate of Early initiation of breastfeeding before stopping the skin contact was 86. 1%. 71. 5%newborns were exclusively breastfed before discharge. 94. 8% newborns accepted delayed umbilical cord severing(no earlier than postnatal 1 min). The implementation rate of most interventions was higher at the municipal level than that at the county level.Conclusion There are gaps between the current early essential newborn health care in health facilities of Hunan province and the WHO recommendations. Early essential newborn care should be promoted and trained,which helps to improve the understanding and the practical application of relevant knowledge and skills among medical staffs.