Abstract: Cervical cancer is a common malignant tumor of female reproductive system. It has become a major public health issue given its severe epidemic in China. Cervical Cancer prevention program has gone through more than half a century in China. The Chinese government started to launch a large-scale screening program for rural women since 2009,and almost 100 million women aged35 to 64 have been provided with free screenings so far. The implementation of screening services still faces series of urgent problems.This article briefly reviewed the development of cervical cancer screening program and its implementation of services in rural China,focusing on the challenges produced from implementation of screening services,in order to provide scientific evidence for further improvement of the service quality.