Abstract: Objective To explore the progress, effects and existing problems of maternal and child health(MCH) institutions in poor areas of China by analyzing their dynamic development, so as to provide policy suggestions for the further development.Methods The data of MCH institutions in the poor counties were collected through the national monitoring and reporting system from 2015 to 2019 and the index of different MCH were analyzed.Results Compared to 2015, area of business units, fixed assets, business income, the number of health professionals, outpatients and inpatient beds were increased rapidly in 2019. However, there was still a big gap compared to the national level of China, especially the institutions which be able to provide inpatient services.Conclusion The hardware equipment of MCH institutions in poor areas has been improved significantly since 2015. Their service capacity has been further developed, however, the gap between poor areas and the whole country is still exist, which suggests further policy support for MCH institutions needed in poor areas.