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广东省青少年女性对HPV疫苗知晓及接种意愿的调查研究

Awareness and intention of HPV vaccination among adolescent females in Guangdong Province

  • 摘要: 目的 了解广东省青少年女性对人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus, HPV)疫苗的认知和接受度, 为开展HPV疫苗的有效接种提供理论依据。方法 研究者采用自行设计调查问卷, 于2020年6-11月份在广东省广州市、珠海市、汕头市小学、初中、高中、大学随机发放, 对HPV疫苗的认识和接受度进行问卷调查, 对调查结果进行描述性分析。结果 共发放问卷850份, 回收有效问卷778例, 问卷回收有效率为91.53%。有65.17%的青少年女性听说过HPV疫苗, 不同年龄中20~24岁的女性HPV疫苗知晓率最高, 为74.38%。文化程度为大专及以上的女性HPV疫苗的知晓率最高。听说过HPV疫苗的女性中, 主要获取途径是电视网络等媒体宣传。年龄在20~24岁年龄组的接种意愿最高, 为78.51%, 文化程度为大专及以上的接种意愿最高, 为79.28%。愿意接种HPV疫苗的原因主要是接种HPV疫苗可以保护自己不患HPV相关疾病, 不愿意接种HPV疫苗的原因主要是不了解HPV疫苗, 其次是担心疫苗的安全性。结论 广东省10~14岁的青少年女生对于HPV疫苗的知晓率和接种意愿率均较低, 应加强对于10~14岁青少年女生关于HPV疫苗和宫颈癌防控的健康教育。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate awareness and intention of human papilloma virus(HPV) vaccination among adolescent females in Guangdong Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for effective HPV vaccination.Methods Self-developed questionnaire was randomly distributed to adolescent girls in primary school, middle school, high school, and university at Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Shantou from June to November 2020. Their awareness and willingness to receive HPV vaccine were investigated. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze data.Results Total of 850 questionnaires were distributed, and valid questionnaires were 778. The response rate was 91. 53%. 65. 17% adolescent females had heard of HPV vaccine, and the awareness rate of HPV vaccine among age group of 20-24 and education level being junior college or above was the highest(74. 38% and 74. 14%, respectively). Among those girls who have heard of HPV vaccine, the main route of access was through media advocacy such as television and internet. Girls at age group of 20-24 and whose education level were junior college or above had the highest willingness to be vaccinated, the rate was78. 51% and 79. 28%, respectively. The main reason for being willing to be vaccinated was that HPV vaccine could protect them from HPV infected diseases. The main reason for being unwilling to be vaccinated was that they were not aware of HPV vaccine, and followed by their worries about the safety of the vaccine.Conclusion The awareness and intention of HPV vaccination among girls aged 10-14 in Guangdong Province are low. Therefore, health education on HPV vaccine and cervical cancer prevention and control should be strengthened, especially for girls aged 10-14.

     

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