Abstract: Objective To investigate prevalence and the factors related to anterior vaginal prolapse among postpartum women, so as to provide basic data for promoting rehabilitation of pelvic floor function.Methods Totally 3 368 postpartum women were selected at a maternity and child health care hospital from June to October 2020. Data of general health condition and pelvic floor function were analyzed.Results Most women's class Ⅰ and class Ⅱ pelvic floor muscle strength were Level 1. The percentage of anterior, posterior vaginal and uterus prolapse were 61. 5%, 9. 3%, and 9. 9%, respectively. Women with anterior vaginal prolapse was older and had more weight gain during pregnancy, more times of pregnancy and childbirth than women without this problem. There were significant differences about the incidence of anterior vaginal prolapse between different age, degree of education, BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, times of pregnancy and childbirth, history of macrosomia, diastasis recti abdominis, urinary incontinence during coughing and sneezing, relaxation and unconstrained body posture(P＜0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that overweight(OR=28. 066, 95%CI=20. 663-38. 121), obesity(OR= 161. 208, 95%CI=46. 991-553. 049), twice of pregnancy(OR= 8. 513, 95%CI=6. 174-11. 739), 3 times of pregnancy and above(OR= 9. 310, 95%CI=6. 353-13. 643), history of macrosomia(OR= 33. 408, 95%CI=15. 218-73. 337), diastasis recti abdominis(OR= 11. 374, 95%CI=9. 080-14. 248) were risk factors of anterior vaginal prolapse(P＜0. 05).Conclusion Pelvic floor muscle strength among postpartum women is weak, and the prevalence of anterior vaginal prolapse is relatively high; Diastasis recti abdominis, overweight, obesity, twice or more pregnancy and childbirth, history of macrosomia play significant roles in the occurrence of anterior vaginal prolapse.