Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of syphilis treatment during pregnancy on the prognosis of newborns, in order to provide evidence for clinical practice.Methods The clinical data of 220 pregnant women with syphilis treated in Xiamen from January2019 to December 2020 were analyzed. Based on the protocol for treatment, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 110 cases in the non-standardized treatment group(pregnant women didn' t receive appropriate therapy with poor compliance) and 110 cases in the standardized treatment group(pregnant women received appropriate therapy). Pregnancy outcomes, neonatal prognosis and neonatal serum rapid plasma reagin ring card test (RPR) titer were compared between two groups.Results The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes include abortion, premature birth and stillbirth in the standardized treatment group was significantly lower than that in the non-standardized treatment group(χ²= 8. 143, P＜ 0. 05). The incidence of low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal death and congenital syphilis in the standardized treatment group was significantly lower than that in the non-standardized treatment group(χ²= 45. 820, P＜ 0. 05). RPR titer was significantly different between the two groups at birth(χ²= 12. 549, P＜ 0. 05). RPR titer after birth 3 months decreased more in the standardized treatment group than that in the non-standardized treatment group(t=2. 885, P＜ 0. 05), and the time required for the serum titer to reach normal range was significantly shorter than that in the non-standardized treatment group(t=-11. 463, P＜0.05). Conclusion Standardized therapy of syphilis during pregnancy is beneficial for improving pregnancy outcomes, prenvention of mother-to-child transmission, reducing the incidence of neonatal adverse outcomes and congenital syphilis, and promot neonatal serum RPR titer to decline.