Abstract: Objective To analyze bone mineral density level and influence factors among 4-6 years old preschool children in Zhecheng area, and to provide health suggestions.Methods Data of 1 183 preschool children who had recieved bone mineral density test in Zhecheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to July 2020, and factors related to bone mineral density were analyzed.Results Among 1 183 preschool children, 998 were found normal bone mineral density(84. 36%) and 185 were low bone mineral density(15. 64%). Multivariate analysis showed that non-breastfeeding, outdoor activities ＜ 2 h/day, no vitamin D supplement, sleep time ＜ 8 h/day, picky eating, passive smoking, carbonated soda intake≥3 times/week were risk factors for low bone mineral density among preschool children. Dairy products and soy products intake≥3 times/week were protective factors for low bone mineral density among preschool children.Conclusion The rate of low bone mineral density among preschool children is relatively high. Prevention of related risk factors should be strengthened in clinical practice to improve children's development.