Abstract: Improving the connotation and quality of neonatal health care services is one of the important measures to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and promote the health of the next generation. In order to guide all hospitals to value the construction of neonatal health care specialty and play typical demonstration and leading roles, the Maternal and Child Health Department of the National Health Commission began to carry out the construction of national neonatal health care specialty in 2020.This paper briefly introduced the significance of neonatal health care and the international theoretical framework for evaluation of the quality of neonatal health care services, analyzed the principles of constructing neonatal health care specialty, and interpreted its main items of evaluation standards.