Study on family nurturing problems and needs of preterm and full-term children
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摘要: 目的 了解早产与足月儿童家庭养育问题及需求,为针对性进行家庭养育指导提供参考依据。方法 选取2020年9月—2021年2月在重庆市妇幼保健院儿童保健科就诊的6~36月龄儿童的家长作为调查对象。根据儿童胎龄分为早产组与足月组,比较两组儿童家长主要的家庭养育问题、儿童家长接受培训等方面的差异。结果 共回收了276名儿童家长填写的调查问卷,涉及早产组儿童135名,足月组儿童141名。早产组与足月组儿童在挑食、不自己吃、吃得少、不喝奶、拍抱入睡、白天睡得多以及夜间清醒、夜醒后不能自己入睡方面的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与足月组相比,早产组儿童家长养育困难的程度为2级“有点困难”的比例较高;早产组儿童家长与专业人士探讨过育儿问题、参加过儿童发展或儿童行为等培训项目的比例(41.79%、39.55%)高于足月组(18.44%、9.22%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);早产组儿童家长未参加养育课程的原因中认为时间不合适的比例(45.76%)高于足月组(32.31%),但认为不需要的比例(9.32%)低于足月组(20.77%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 早产组与足月组儿童家长相比,在养育过程中遇到的喂养问题、睡眠问题更多,早产儿家长更需要得到专业的、针对性的帮助,应根据家长的需求利用专业网站或微信公众号等途径进行家长育儿能力的指导。Abstract: Objective To investigate family nurturing problems and needs of preterm and full-term children, so as to provide evidence for effective family nurturing guidance.Methods Parents of children aged 6-36 months who seek medical care in the Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children were recruited as study subjects from September 2020 to February 2021. Based on gestational age, they were divided into preterm group and full-term group. The main problems of family nurturing and trainings received by parents between 2 groups were compared.Results The questionnaires completed by 276 parents were collected, involving 135children in preterm group and 141 children in full-term group. There were significant differences between 2 groups in terms of picky eating, not eating by themselves, eating less, not drinking milk, patting to sleep, sleeping more in day-time and waking up at night,unable to fall asleep by themself after waking up at night(P< 0. 05). Compared with the full-term group, the proportion of parents in the preterm group who had some difficulty(level two) in child nurturing is higher. The proportions of parents in the preterm group who discussed nurturing issues with professionals and received child development or child behavior training programs(41. 79%, 39. 55%)were significantly higher than that of parents in full-term group(18. 44%, 9. 22%)(P< 0. 05). The proportion of parents in the preterm group who didn't participate child-nurturing course due to inappropriate time was higher(45. 76%) than that of parents in the full-term group(32. 31%), but the proportion of parents who felt no need for training was lower(9. 32%) than that of parents in the full-term group(20. 77%)(P< 0. 05).Conclusion Parents of preterm children meet with more feeding and sleeping problems in the process of nurturing compared with parents of full-term children. They need more professional and targeted help. Parents' nurturing ability should be guided by professional websites or Wechat official accounts based on their needs.
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Keywords:
- preterm children /
- full-term children /
- family nurturing
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