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袋鼠式护理对改善早产儿6月龄内母乳喂养的影响

Effect of kangaroo mother care on improving breastfeeding of premature infants within 6 months of age

    摘要
  • 摘要: 目的 探讨在母婴同室区开展早产儿袋鼠式护理对改善6月龄内婴儿母乳喂养情况的影响。方法 选取2020年1—8月在四川省妇幼保健院住院分娩经新生儿科医生评估后可随母入母婴同室区的120例早产儿作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将早产儿分为袋鼠式护理(kangaroo mother care,KMC)组60例和对照组60例,最终入选KMC组55例,对照组49例。对照组给予母婴同室区早产儿常规护理,KMC组在给予早产儿常规护理的基础上进行袋鼠式护理。出院后对KMC组早产儿进行追访,按出院后是否继续进行KMC分为院内KMC组和持续KMC组。出院后不再进行KMC或仅KMC 1周以内的早产儿作为院内KMC组,共23例;出院后继续进行KMC至少1周以上的早产儿为持续KMC组,共32例。对两组早产儿出院后的母乳喂养情况进行比较分析。结果 KMC组和对照组早产儿出院时及出生1个月纯母乳喂养率的比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.485,P=0.048;χ2=3.561,P=0.047);出生3、6个月纯母乳喂养率,及出院时与出生1、3、6个月混合喂养率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。出院后,院内KMC组和持续KMC组早产儿出生3个月纯母乳喂养及混合喂养,以及出生6个月纯母乳喂养情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=14.222,P<0.001;χ2=12.913,P<0.001);出生1个月纯母乳喂养及混合喂养、出生6个月混合喂养情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。结论 在母婴同室区开展早产儿袋鼠式护理能促进母乳喂养,出院后继续进行袋鼠式护理有利于远期母乳喂养的成功,使早产儿获益,是促进早产儿母乳喂养的有效方式。

     

    Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of kangaroo mother care on improving breastfeeding of premature infants within 6 months of age at maternal and infant rooming-in ward. Methods Totally 120 hospitalized premature newborns delivered in Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital who were approved by neonatologist into the maternal and infant rooming-in ward from January to August 2020 were recruited as study subjects. They were divided into kangaroo mother care(KMC) group and control group by random number table method,with 60 cases in each groups. The control group(finally recruited 49 cases) was given routine nursing care. The KMC group(finally recruited 55 cases) received routine care and kangaroo mother care. Premature infants in KMC group who didn't need further KMC or only need KMC within 1 week after hospital discharge were regarded as KMC within hospital group(23 cases). Those who need more than 1 week KMC after hospital discharge were regarded as continuous KMC group(33 cases).Breastfeeding situation was compared between the two groups. Results Exclusive breastfeeding rate at discharge and 1,3,6 months age between the KMC group and control group was significantly different(χ2= 3. 485,P= 0. 048;χ2= 3. 561,P= 0. 047). Exclusive breastfeeding rate at 3 months and 6 months age, and mixed feeding rate at hospital discharge, 1, 3 and 6 months age were not significantly different(all P> 0. 05). After hospital discharge, the situation of exclusive breastfeeding and mixed feeding at 3 months age, and exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months age was significantly different between KMC within hospital group and continuous KMC group(χ2= 14. 222,P< 0. 001;χ2= 12. 913,P< 0. 001). Exclusive breastfeeding and mixed feeding at 1 month age and mixed feeding at 6 months age was not significantly different(all P> 0. 05). Conclusion KMC for premature infants in the maternal and infant rooming-in areas can promote breastfeeding. Continuous KMC after discharge is beneficial for the success of long-term breastfeeding and the health of premature infants, which is an effective way to promote breastfeeding for premature infants.

     

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