Abstract: Objective To investigate the knowledge, belief, and practice of cervical cancer prevention and treatment among grassroots medical staff engaged in cervical cancer screening in Hainan Province, so as to provide the evidence for improving the implementation effectiveness of cervical cancer screening projects. Methods Self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted on the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer through Questionnaire Star from March to June 2019. According to the ratio of 1∶ 5, 60county-level medical staff and 288 township and community-level medical staff in Hainan were selected as subjects. The general situation, the knowledge of prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, and the willingness and behavior of human papilloma virus(HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening of the two groups of medical staff were analyzed. Results Totally 327 valid questionnaires were received out of 348(94. 0%) in this survey. The overall awareness rate of cervical cancer prevention and treatment among basic medical staffs engaged in cervical cancer screening in Hainan Province was 49. 5%. The awareness rate among medical staffs at county level was 77. 1%, which was significantly higher than that at township and community-level(44. 8%)(P< 0. 05). The proportion of medical staffs at county level(89. 6%) who were willing to accept HPV vaccination was significantly lower than that at township and community-level(96. 1%)(P< 0. 05). As for behaviors, the proportion of medical staffs at county level(31. 3%) who had received HPV vaccination was significantly higher than that at township and community level(12. 9%)(P< 0. 05). However,there was no difference in the proportion of medical staffs who had accepted cervical cancer screening between the two group(P>0. 05). Conclusion The overall awareness of cervical cancer prevention and treatment among grass-roots medical staff in Hainan Province is relatively low in terms of common symptom of cervical cancer, frequency of cervical cancer screening, and whether cervical cancer screening was the primary prevention. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the training on prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, especially to pay attention to the on the training of medical staffs at township and community-level, junior medical staffs and to improve their enthusiasm for work and attach importance to knowledge training. Medical staff need to be encouraged to actively accept cervical cancer screening and health education, so as to further improve the knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and treatment among women.