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北京市通州区孕妇服用营养素补充剂的现况研究

Cross-sectional analysis of pregant women use nutriet supplement in Tongzhou District,Beijing

  • 摘要: 目的 了解北京市通州区孕妇对营养素补充剂的服用行为及影响因素,为指导孕妇合理应用营养素补充剂提供依据。方法 抽样选取2019年11月—2020年2月在北京市通州区2所公立医院产科门诊定期体检的1 181名孕妇作为研究对象,通过面对面现况调查,分析孕妇营养素补充剂的服用行为及相关影响因素。结果 孕妇对叶酸及复合叶酸、钙、铁的有效使用率较高,分别为55.3%、39.3%、21.7%;不同孕周、文化程度、家庭年均收入对孕妇营养素补充剂的使用率均有影响,其中叶酸及复合叶酸(58.3%)、维生素D(16.4%)、钙(43.3%)、铁(24.9%)和复合维生素(26.3%)在孕晚期女性中使用率较高(P<0.05);叶酸及复合叶酸(62.8%)、B族维生素(15.5%)、维生素D(19.7%)等在大学本科及以上学历的孕妇中使用率较高(P<0.05);B族维生素(15.2%)和钙(44.2%)在家庭年均收入≥50 000元的孕妇中使用率最高(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析发现,有孕产经验和文化程度较高是影响叶酸及复合叶酸使用的促进因素(P<0.05)。结论 北京市通州区孕期女性对营养素补充剂的使用率较高,但需要针对人群的不同特征开展营养宣教,帮助孕妇科学、合理地选择营养素补充剂。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the rate and factors associated with nutrient supplement use among pregnant women in Tongzhou District, Beijing so as to provide evidence for guiding rational use of nutrient supplement for pregnant women. Methods Totally 1181 pregnant women who received routine prenatal care at 2 public hospitals in Tongzhou District were recruited. Rate and factors associated with nutrient supplement taking behavior among pregnant women were investigated through face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results The percentage of folic acid, complex folic acid, calcium and iron intake among pregnant women were 55. 3%,39. 3% and 21. 7%, respectively. Gestational week, education background, annual family income were factors associated with nutrient supplement intake. The percentage of folic acid and complex folic acid(58. 3%), vitamin D(16. 4%), calcium(43. 3%), iron(24. 9%) and multivitamin(26. 3%) intake were higher among women at late pregnancy(P< 0. 05). The percentage of folic acid and complex folic acid(62. 8%), B group vitamins(15. 5%) and vitamin D(19. 7%) intake were higher among those with education background higher than university degree(P< 0. 05). The percentage of B group vitamins(15. 2%) and calcium(44. 2%)intake were the highest among pregnant women whose annual family income was over 50 000(P< 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that pregnancy experience and high education level were factors promoting the use of folic acid and complex folic acid(P<0. 05). Conclusion Nutrient supplements intake is popular among pregnant women in Tongzhou District, Beijing. But nutrition education should be carried out based on different characteristics of people to help pregnant women choose nutrient supplements scientifically and rationally.

     

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