Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） among pregnant women in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

Methods Pregnant women who registered at Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Nanning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1^st, 2015 to December 31^st, 2020 were recruited as research subjects. The information of GDM was collected through hospital electronic information system, and factors associated with GDM were analyzed.

Results Prevalence of GDM in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region increased from 15.26% in 2015 to 18.51% in 2020, and it showed a upward trend year by year （χ²_trend = 21.955, P < 0.001）. Univariate analysis showed that advanced age （≥35 years of age）, low education background, history of macrosomia labor, history of medical abortion and induced abortion, family history of diabetes, multipara, pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, and pregnancy resulted from assisted reproductive technology were factors associated with GDM （all P < 0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years old, family history of diabetes, pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥24 kg/m², and polycystic ovary syndrome were risk factors of GDM for pregnant women in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region （OR > 1.00, P < 0.05）.

Conclusion The prevalence of GDM in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region has been increasing year by year from 2015 to 2020. Advanced age, family history of diabetes, pre-pregnancy obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome and pregnancy resulted from assisted reproductive technology are risk factors of GDM among pregnant women in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.