Abstract: Vitamin A and D are two common fat soluble vitamins, which play irreplaceable roles in the healthy growth of human body. Adequate vitamin A and D are of positive significance for early development of children, and prevention and treatment of diseases. However, low vitamin A and D status is very common in neonates, which seriously affects the health of neonates. This article reviews the evaluation criteria of vitamin A and D levels, vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency in newborns, and the recommended supplement dosage through literature review, so as to improve the awareness of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation at the early neonatal stage, and achieve the goal of early intervention and prevention of children's early developmental diseases.