2021 — 2022年新疆克拉玛依市白碱滩区孕妇贫血现状及影响因素分析

董珊君; 郑红英; 姜卫巍; 廖佩花; 甫尔哈提·吾守尔

doi:10.19757/j.cnki.issn1674-7763.2024.02.002

2021 — 2022年新疆克拉玛依市白碱滩区孕妇贫血现状及影响因素分析

Factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Baijiantan District of Karamay, Xinjiang, 2021 − 2022

摘要

摘要:
目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市白碱滩区（克拉玛依高新区）孕妇贫血患病情况，为辖区孕妇贫血防治管理工作提供参考依据。
方法本研究资料来自新疆妇幼健康云平台孕产妇及新生儿健康监测数据，选取2021年1月1日至2022年12月31日已建档且分娩的常住白碱滩区（克拉玛依高新区）孕妇为研究对象，分析其在不同户籍、民族、文化程度、年龄段、孕前体质指数（body mass index，BMI）等条件下贫血发病率的差异。采用χ²检验对发病率间的差异进行单因素分析，采用二分类logistic回归分析影响妊娠期贫血的因素。
结果 2021、2022年白碱滩区（克拉玛依高新区）分别上报孕妇311人和340人，共计651人。2022年孕妇贫血发病率（34.4%）较2021年（43.4%）明显下降。疆内非克拉玛依市户籍（47.8%）、小学及以下文化程度（54.5%）、哈萨克族（64.2%）、经产妇（42.4%）、孕前BMI < 25 kg/m²（40.2%）的孕妇贫血发病率较高。不同户籍、民族、文化程度、产次的孕妇贫血发病率的比较差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示，少数民族、孕前BMI < 25 kg/m²和经产妇是孕期贫血的危险因素，孕前BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²是孕期贫血的保护因素。
结论白碱滩区（克拉玛依高新区）孕妇贫血发病率仍然较高，应予以高度重视。要重点关注少数民族、经产妇等高危人群，进行早预防、早诊断、早干预，以降低贫血发病率，并减少贫血对于孕产妇及胎儿、新生儿产生的不良影响。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the incidence of anemia among pregnant women in Baijiantan District (Karamay High Tech Zone), Karamay City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, so as to provide evidence for the management of anaemia prevention and control among pregnant women in the district.
Methods Data of this study were collected from the monitoring system of pregnant women, parturients and newborns in the cloud platform of maternal and infant health in Xinjiang. Pregnant women in Baijiantan District (Karamay High Tech Zone) who registered and gave birth from January 1^st, 2021 to December 31^st, 2022 were recruited as study subjects. Univariate analysis was used to compare the difference of incidence rate from the perspective of household registration, nationality, education background, age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of anemia during pregnancy.
Results A total of 651 pregnant women were reported, with 311 cases in 2021 and 340 cases in 2022 from Baijiantan District (Karamay High Tech Zone). The incidence of anemia among pregnant women in 2022 was significantly lower than that in 2021 (34.4% vs. 43.4%) . The incidence rate of anemia was higher among pregnant women with non local household registration (47.8%), primary school education and below (54.5%) , Kazakhs nationality (64.2%), multipara (42.4%) and pre-pregnancy BMI < 25 kg/m² (40.2%). There were significant differences in the incidence of anemia among pregnant women with different household registration, nationality, educational level and parity. Logistic regression analysis showed that minority nationality, pre-pregnancy BMI < 25 kg/m² and multipara were risk factors, while pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² was the protective factor for anaemia during pregnancy.
Conclusion The incidence of anaemia among pregnant women in Baijiantan District (Karamay High Tech Zone) is still high. High-risk groups such as ethnic minorities and multipara should be paid more attention to. Early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment strategy should be implemented, in order to reduce the incidence of anemia and its adverse effects to pregnant women, fetuses and the newborns.

HTML全文

参考文献(16)

施引文献

资源附件(0)