Objective To analyze the assessment results, compliance, and safety of vaccination in children with congenital heart disease in special preventive vaccination clinics, aiming to enhance their parents’confidence in the safety of vaccination and improve the vaccination coverage of children with special health conditions.

Methods Utilizing the outpatient system of Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Guangdong Province, the medical history of children with congenital heart disease who received immunization consultations at the special preventive vaccination clinic of the child health department were retrieved, from July 2021 to June 2023. Their vaccination records and the occurrence of adverse reactions after vaccination were collected through the Guangdong Province Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination Management Information System. A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyse the medical assessment results, vaccination compliance, and safety of vaccination in 295 children with congenital heart disease who received immunization consultation.

Results It was found that 151 cases (51.2%) could be vaccinated normally after the first assessment, 124 cases (42.0%) could be vaccinated/not vaccinated for some vaccines, and 20 cases (6.8%) were postponed for vaccination. A total of 243 cases (88.4%) were vaccinated according to the medical assessment recommendations, with a total of 3 339 doses of vaccines administered. 12 adverse reactions occurred, with an adverse reaction incidence rate of 3.59‰, and all of which were mild adverse reactions. There were 32 cases of vaccine hesitancy, among which insufficient confidence in vaccination was the main reason (accounting for 56.2%).

Conclusion The majority of children with congenital heart disease can be vaccinated according to the national immunization program, and the overall safety of vaccination for congenital heart disease children is relatively high, with a low incidence rate of adverse reactions and mild symptoms. Raising parents’ scientific understanding and confidence in children’s preventive vaccination through science popularization and education is conducive to improving their compliance.