Abstract: Breast milk is the ideal natural food for babies, and a lack of breast milk inevitably prevents women who wish to breastfeed from maximizing breastfeeding. This study introduces the concept, influencing factors and pathogenesis of breast milk inadequacy from different perspectives of Western medicine and Chinese medicine, and elaborates on the effectiveness of Western and Chinese medicine treatment measures and interventions for breast milk insufficiency, with a view to providing a reference basis for improving breast milk shortage and breastfeeding rates.