Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of primary teeth caries prevalence among children aged 0-2 years and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of early childhood caries in Haidian district of Beijing.Methods Oral examination was conducted among 1743 0-2 years old children who received physical examination at the Preventive and Health Department of Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Haidian District.Results 158 children aged 0-2 years were diagnosed with caries. The prevalence of caries was 9.1%. The average of DMFT was (0.29 ± 1.08). The average of DMFS was (0.40 ± 1.80). The prevalence of caries, the average of DMFT and the average of DMFS increased with age. There was significantly difference in the prevalence of cariesamong different age groups.Conclusions The prevalence of primary teeth caries and the average of DMFT in children aged 0-2 years are gradually increasing. It needs attention and effective measures should be taken to control them.