Abstract: China has advanced as a leading economic world power,its maternal and child health outcomes has achieved significant improvement.Although the under 5 mortality rate has achieved the MGDs goal,but the proportion of newborn death is high.Some factors behind the relatively high neonatal mortality rate include geographic challenges to providing health care in rural regions and disparities in care across different levels of hospitals.To tackle the problem of neonatal mortality,specifically to reduce birth asphyxia,key stakeholders have worked to implement the Neonatal Resuscitation Program across China in the past decade.These efforts have already borne fruit in improving clinical care and are likely to provide further benefit in improving long-term health outcomes of children.