Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels25 (OH) D and nutritional status of childbearing age women.Methods From January 2016 to December, 214 childbearing age women who did physical examination in Maternity and child health care hospital of Hunan province were enrolled in the study, and the indexes of 25 (OH) D, parathyroid glands (PTH), fasting blood glucose, serum calcium, phosphorus and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were detected.Results According to the level of vitamin D, there were 106 women in vitamin D lack group (25 (OH) D ≤ 25 nmol/L), 91 women in vitamin D deficiency group (25 nmol/L < 25 (OH) D ≤ 50 nmol/L), and 17 women in appropriate vitamin D group (50 <25 (OH) D) ≤ 75 nmol/L) 17 cases; The differences of serum PTH, serum calcium, blood phosphorus, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and glycosylated hemoglobin among the three groups was not statistically significant (P> 0. 05); The appropriate vitamin D group had lower level of HOMA-IR (2. 30 ± 0. 77) than that invitamin lack D group and vitamin D deficiency group (P< 0. 05); vitamin D deficiency group had lower level of HOMA-IR (2. 43 ± 0. 83) than that in vitamin D lack group (P<0. 05); The serum level of 25 (OH) D in insulin resistant women were (24. 11 ± 4. 03) nmol/L, which waslower than that in women without insulin resistance (P< 0. 05); Serum 25 (OH) D was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=-0. 277, P< 0. 05).Conclusion The level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D is related to the increase of insulin resistance in child-bearing age women, but there were no relation between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and serum calcium, phosphorus, PTH, etc.