Abstract: Objective To investigate the occurrence of severe asphyxia in newborn infants in Longgang District of Shenzhen during2006-2015, and to analyze the related factors of severe asphyxia.Methods During 2006-2015, 388 181 copies of neonatal basic data from medical and health institutions in Longgang District of Shenzhen were collected, and analyzed the incidence rate of severe asphyxia and mortality. The related factors of severe neonatal asphyxia were analyzed by single factor and logistic regression analysis.Results The incidence rate of severe asphyxia in Longgang District was decreasing during 2006-2015, which from 5.03‰ to1.00‰. The mortality rate of newborn with severe asphyxia in 2015 was the lowest, which counted for 21.95%. Single factor and logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that aged more than 35, taking pregnancy health care less than 5 times, premature birth, pregnancy hypertension and placenta abnormality were risk factors for severe neonatal asphyxia (P < 0.05).Conclusion High risk pregnant women for severe neonatal asphyxia should be strengthened the health care and monitoring in pregnancy, improve the level of maternal and child health care, so as to diagnosis and intervention timely.