Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between blood glucose control and adverse pregnancy outcome among patients with gestational diabetes.Methods A total of 343 pregnant women with gestational diabetes diagnosed from July 2017 to December 2017 in our hospital were enrolled. Among them, 180 pregnant women who had good compliance and were monitored strictly during antenatal examination, and received standard treatment were selected as the satisfied blood glucose control group. The other 163 gestational diabetes patients with poor compliance, not controlled diet, not according to standardized management and treatment, not in accordance with the doctor's advice were selected as unsatisfied blood glucose control group. The effect of prenatal blood glucose control on adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in the rates of premature delivery, fetal distress, cesarean section, dystocia, greater than gestational age, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia between the two groups (P<0. 05). The logistic regression analysis of the adverse effects of gestational diabetes on pregnancy outcomes revealed that family history, pre-pregnancy body mass index, poor control of blood sugar during pregnancy and exercises during pregnancy were the risk factors for gestational diabetes.Conclusion There are many factors that affect the occurrence of gestational diabetes. Good blood glucose control can reduce the complications of pregnant women and fetus and improve the adverse pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes.