Abstract: Objective To study the effect of different feeding ways on baby's of bifidobacterium and escherichia coli bacteria, and explore the relationship between them and infant eczema.Methods Children within 6 months and carried out physical examination in Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled in this study, and the children didn't adding auxiliary food of exclusive breastfeeding or artificial feeding completely. Among the children, children with eczema were considered as study group and children without eczema were considered as control group. The levels of intestinal bifidobacterium and escherichia coli were tested and the influences of different feeding ways on intestinal flora were analyzed. At the same time, the relationship between infant eczema and intestinal flora were analyzed.Results The number of intestinal bifidobacterium in baby with exclusive breastfeeding was higher than that in baby with artificial feeding, the incidence rate of eczema in baby with exclusive breastfeeding was lower than that in baby with artificial feeding, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion Breast feeding have a positive impact on infants' intestinal probiotics colonization, exclusive breastfeeding is beneficial to the prevention of infant eczema.