Abstract: Objective To investigate the characteristics of the disease, followed-up situation and its influencing factors among high-risk children.Methods To analysis the characteristics of the disease and followed-up situation of 550 high-risk children; the questionnaire designed by ourselves was use to investigate the lost causes and follow-up compliance of high-risk children.Results In the first followed-up, the top four risk factors of the follow-up children were low birth weight, hyperbilirubinemia, suffocation or hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and intracranial hemorrhage, the cumulative proportion reaches as high as 83. 6%. 45. 3% of highrisk children just followed up for 1-2 times, 40. 4% of high-risk children followed up for more than 6 times, 23. 1% of high-risk children followed up for more than 12 times. Parents' subjective factor was the mainly lost causes. The level of parents' education, parents' cognitive level and training situation affected the follow-up compliance of high-risk children.Conclusion The rate of lost follow-up of high-risk children was still high. We must perfect the management of high-risk children and intensify parents' propaganda, in order to reduce the rate of lost follow-up and the occurrence of high-risk children's sequelae.