Abstract: Objective To explore the anemia status and its influencing factors for the Miao nationality children aged 6-23 months and to provide the evidences for the development of appropriate nutritional interventions strategies.Methods A total of 664 rural children aged 6-23 months and their caregivers in Mayang miao autonomous county were selected by using random sampling.Hemoglobin test and questionnaires were conducted to the children and their caregivers, respectively. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Result The prevalence of anemia was 31.83% in the Miao children aged 6-23 months. The analysis of logistic regression showed the occupation of the caregivers (OR=1.625, 95% CI:1.029-2.568), breast feeding in the past 24 hours (OR=1.873, 95% CI:1.230-2.854),, and adding nutrition package in the past 24 hours (OR=0.519, 95% CI:0.356-0.755) were the influencing factors for the anemia.Conclusions The prevalence of anemia in the Miao nationality children aged 6-23 months was higher. It would be helpful to improve the anemia status by strengthening the implement of nutrition project, carrying out health education and improving the feeding capacities of the children's caregivers.