Abstract: Objective To analyze the working effects of neonatal resuscitation leading group on reducing of neonatal asphyxia incidences and death rate, in order to provide base for neonatal resuscitation training.Methods All the working data of neonatal resuscitation leading group was collected from all the delivery institutions at county level and above the level in Hengyang city from 2011 to 2016, then the data of training and supervisor of neonatal resuscitation, and severe asphyxia cases reviewing were analyzed.Results From 2011 to 2016, the incidence of neonatal asphyxia have dropped from 3. 10% to 1. 85% (χ²=182. 21, P< 0. 001), and neonatal asphyxia death rates have dropped from 162. 99/10⁵ to 30. 99/10⁵ (χ²=51. 27, P< 0. 001), and the changes was statistical significance respectively.Conclusions Hospital neonatal resuscitation leading group not only can strengthen the operation skill training, but also increase the pediatrics cooperation, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and neonatal asphyxia death effectively.