Abstract: Objective To find out the relationship between family environment factors and the behavioral problems of preschool children. Method CBCL Scale was used to investigate 1944 preschool children, and family factors were investigated by self-designed questionnaire and Family Environment Scale (FES). Chi-square test and T test were used to analyze the data.Results The prevalence rate of preschool children behavioral problems was 12.86%. There was significant relationship between children with behavioral problems and gender of children, their parents' educational level and whether single or not (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference family income, pregnancy risk between children with behavioral problems and normal children (P> 0.05).Furthermore, there were significant differences in intimacy, emotion contradiction, knowledge, recreation and organization among the factors of family environment between children with behavioral problems and normal children (P< 0.05).Conclusions There is significant relationship between preschool children with behavioral problems and family environment. Improving family environment can help reduce the occurrence of preschool children with behavioral problems.