A retrospective study on gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes based on IOM recommendations

Objective Objective To study the relationship between pregnancy weight gain and perinatal outcomes in Fuzhou area.Methods A total of 3086 singleton pregnant women with regular antenatal examination and delivery were selected from the perinatal health clinic of Fujian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January to June 2017. According to the Chinese Adult Overweight and Obesity Prevention and Control guidelines,the subjects were divided into underweight,normal weight,overweight and obese according to pre-pregnancy BMI. According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) criteria,weight gain during pregnancy was classified as inadequate,adequate,and excessive. The incidence of premature delivery,macrosomia and pregnancy complications of the three groups were analyzed.Results The prevalence of underweight,normal weight,overweight and obesity was 730 cases (23. 66%),2059 cases (66. 72%),and 297 cases (9. 62%),respectively. The subjects during pregnancy with inadequate weight gain,adequate and excessive were 467 cases (15. 13%),1318 (42. 71%),and 1301 (42. 16%),respectively. Adjusting the maternal age,education,gravidity,parity and BMI,multiple factors logistic regression showed that compared with adequate weight gain,underweight and normal weight group,inadequate weight gain during pregnancy increased the risk of preterm birth,with OR of 2. 67 (95% CI:1. 19-6. 0),2. 19 (95% CI: 1. 38-3. 93),respectively. Excessive weight gain increased the risk of the occurrence of macrosomia,with OR of 2. 72 (95% CI: 1. 13-6. 52),and 2. 22 (95% CI: 1. 42-3. 46),respectively. In the normal weight,overweight and obesity group,excessive weight gain during pregnancy increased the risk of hypertension during pregnancy,with OR of 1. 80 (95% CI: 1. 04-3. 13) and 9. 03 (95% CI: 1. 18-68. 86),respectively.Conclusion The risk of premature delivery is increased in underweight and normal weight pregnant women who gain inadequate weight during pregnancy. The risk of macrosomia is increased in underweight and normal weight women who gain excessive weight. The excessive weight gain in women with normal,overweight or obesity is related with high risk of hypertension during pregnancy.